difference between indicate, show , and reveal

indicate         -         гэрчлэх
show            -          үзүүлэх, харуулах
reveal           -          дэлгэх

To reveal, to show, to indicate---shades of difference in meaning

Constructions like ‘the data reveal that’, ‘Table 1 shows that’, or ‘Figure 2 indicates that’ are common enough in research papers—and all are commonly used to connect a source (data, a table, a figure, etc.) to a statement supported by that source; however, the three verbs are not exactly synonyms but differ subtly in meaning.

‘Show’ is perhaps the plainest(илэрхий) of the three. Use it when the statement obviously(илт) follows from the source, as in ‘Table 1 shows that of the six months, December was the coldest.’ A glance at the source is all that is needed to know the truth of the statement.

‘Reveal’, on the other hand, means that the conclusion is not obvious but requires some thinking on the part of the reader—as it did on the part of the writer. The Oxford Dictionary of English defines ‘reveal’ as ‘make (previously unknown or secret information) known to others’. Therefore, use ‘reveal’ to convey that it took some analysis or interpretation of the data to arrive at the conclusion.

‘Indicate’ is similar to ‘show’ but introduces a note of uncertainty(эргэлзсэн): that the data leads you to suspect(сэжигтэн) something but you can't be sure. Use ‘indicate’ when you want to avoid a definitive(эцсийн) statement. However, do not use the word ‘indicate’ too often; if you do, your findings may be considered too tentative(тандсан) for publication.

what is difference between show and indicate, they can be replaced in many cases seemingly. for example: Table 2 shows the adverse effect of this treatment on the retention of thiamin in several vegetables. Can we say "Table 2 shows the adverse" or "Table 2 indicates"? is there a difference? In a science paper abstract, "the result showed" usually appeared after the aim and method were described, "showed" here can be replaced by indicate? in addition, can you provide me more words that can be confused easily for the similar meaning?

Hi asparagus

In most cases, "indicate" has a more formal connotation than "show," and so would likely be a better choice for a science paper abstract.

>>more words that can be confused easily for the similar meaning

I assume you mean words that are synonyms for "show, indicate." Any thesaurus could help you there. Here is one list.

Strange? Difficult? No.