difference between rude, sassy, insolent,disrespectful, impolite, impertinent, and discourteous

rude - adjective(бүдүүлэг, соёлч боловсон бус)Being rude could be anything such as being crude (farting(унгах) in public/using foul language) like having cigarette smoke blown in your face. That's just plain rude!
having or showing a lack of respect for other people and their feelings       ---- Why are you so rude to your mother?
sassy - adjective(ярдаг)(informal) (especially of children) rude in an amusing or an annoying way: - энэ үгийг энэ байдлаар орчуулвал зөв болвуу нэтээс хайгаад юм олсонгүй
(disapproving) (especially of children) rude; showing a lack of respect
        ---- sassy behavior
disrespectful - adjective(хүндэтгэлтэй бус)disrespectful (failing to take your hat off when the Star Spangled Banner is being played or sung). It relates more to someone who holds a higher status  ie boss, teacher, parent, elder, doctor, priest
a lack of respect for someone or something
 
    ---- Some people said he had been disrespectful to the President in his last speech.
impolite -  adjective(эелдэг бус, найрсаг бус)
not polite
       ---- Some people think it is impolite to ask someone's age.
impertinent - adjective(эрээ цээргүй бүдүүлэг, эрээ цээргүй)rude, intrusive or presumptuous(давруу) and means speaking outside the rules of social acceptability(байж болохуйц)
(formal) rude and not showing respect for someone who is older or more important
       --- an impertinent question/child
discourteous - adjective(хүмүүжилгүй, хүмүүжилгүй бүдүүлэг)having bad manners - энэд "bad manner" - нь хүмүүжлийн доголдол, буруу амьдарлын хэв маяг гэсэн утгатай учраас энэ үгийг "хүмүүжилгүй, хүмүүжилгүй бүдүүлэг" -  гэж орчуулвал зохистой
having bad manners and not showing respect for other people
      --- He didn't wish to appear discourteous.
insolent - ()"Insolent" suggests insulting(доромжилсон) or arrogantly(дээрэлхүү) contemptuous(тоомсоргүй) behavior and NOTE Insolent is used especially to talk about the behavior of children toward adults.
extremely rude and showing a lack of respect
      ---- an insolent child/smile

impudent - (ичгүүргүй бүдүүлэг, ичэх нүүргүй  эрээ цээргүй ) Impudent means to be shameless, speaking without regard for others. and unashamedly impertinent

rude; not showing respect for other people

     ---- an impudent young man

difference between rude and impolite

• When someone is impolite, it may be intentional(зориуд, санаатай) or accidental(тохиолдлын). But if someone is rude, I think they're deliberately(урьдаас тооцоолсон) being impolite, like having cigarette smoke blown in your face. That's just plain rude!

• A rude person is someone who is deliberately disrespectful, crude, rough and insulting. 
  
  An impolite person is not polished, does not follow rules of ettiquette, and does not have good manners. For instance, it would be impolite to crowd in front of the line instead of going to the back and waiting your turn. If he uses impolite conversation, he may use dirty words, have a foul vocabulary and will appear to not have good training. The words are similar, but rude is more on purpose, and they know what they are doing.

• What's the difference between "bad" and "not good"? ;)

difference between disrespectful and rude

• these words mostly mean the same thing i'd say

• No. 
  However, it IS rude to BE disrespectful.
  Disrespect is the act of not showing respect when respect is warranted.
  Being rude could be anything such as being crude (farting(унгах) in public/using foul language), disrespectful (failing to take your hat off when the Star Spangled Banner is being played or sung), being disruptive(нурааж, сүйтгэж) in class (disturbing everyone else is rude), being spiteful, jealous, abusive, gluttenous (eating five portions when at a friends house for dinner), and on and on. 
  Rude is sort of a general term when disrespect is more specific about what rude behavior is being displayed.

• No, they are different. Being rude is generally an 'attitude' and being disrespectful is more totally directed at the person.
  A person being rude or rude mannered can be someone who does not necessarily know it's wrong/not acceptable to do what they are doing ie pushing in on a queue is rude, but not disrespectful, calling out in class is rude, but not disrespectful.
  Disrespect is a step further than rude - so rude could still be used to describe it, but it relates more to someone who holds a higher status and, in etiquette(ёс дүрэм), should command respect - ie boss, teacher, parent, elder, doctor, priest, nurse, people offering their assistance... then an attitude of talking as if you were their equal - or even above them (in the area where they have status that is) 
  is disrespectful. Ignoring them, turning away, talking disrespectfully etc..

• I think they are pretty much synonymous; however, I believe there are physical acts which might be considered more disrespectful, than there are rude actions. It seems to be a fine point of semantics, and briefly searching I just don't see much difference.
  
  If anything I would say that a disrespectful action is meant to be taken personally, where something rude might not be meant personally at all. Farting in a diningroom and laughing about it, is rude, but not meant as a disrespectful action. Giving someone the finger is disrespectful to them and tell them to go f themselves.

difference between insolent, impudent, impertinent

• Impudent means to be shameless, speaking without regard for others.
  Insolent means contemptuous. Impudent is listed as a synonym.
  Impertinent, in this sense, means speaking outside the rules of social acceptability(байж болохуйц).
  
  Pretty much synonymous.

• "Impertinent," "impudent," and "insolent" refer to bold, rude, and arrogant(биеэ тоосон, дээрэлхүү) behavior. "Impertinent," from its primary meaning of not pertinent and hence inappropriate(таарамжгүй, зохисгүй) or out of place, has come to imply(таамаглах) often an unseemly(зохисгүй, цагаа олоогүй) intrusion(халдлага) into what does not concern one, or a presumptuous rudeness toward one entitled to deference or respect (an impertinent manner toward the judge). "Impudent" suggests a bold and shameless impertinence (a student's impudent behavior). "Insolent" suggests insulting(доромжилсон) or arrogantly(дээрэлхүү) contemptuous(тоомсоргүй) behavior (an unbearably insolent reply to the salesman's question).

• impertinent: rude, intrusive or presumptuous(давруу) beyond one's status
  impudent: boldly or unashamedly impertinent
  insolent: contemptuously impudent

Thesaurus: rudesassy  insolent  disrespectful  impolite  impertinent  discourteousThese are all words for people showing a lack of respect for other people.rude having or showing a lack of respect for other people and their feelings: Why are you so rude to your mother? It's rude to speak when you're eating.sassy (informal) (especially of children) rude in an amusing or an annoying way: sassy behaviora sassy remarkinsolent (somewhat formal) very rude, especially to someone who is older or more importantNOTE Insolent is used especially to talk about the behavior of children toward adults.disrespectful (somewhat formal) showing a lack of respect for someone or something: Some people said he had been disrespectful to the President in his last speech.impolite (somewhat formal) not behaving in a pleasant way that follows the rules of society:Some people think it is impolite to ask someone's age.NOTE Impolite is often used in the phrases It seemed impolite... and It would be impolite....impertinent (formal) not showing respect for someone who is older or more importantdiscourteous (formal) having bad manners and not showing respect: He didn't wish to appear discourteous.